What are the structures and properties of SBR?
Synthetic rubber
Styrene butadiene rubber
While most of the properties of SBR are comparable with NR, but in some respects like heat build-up, tack and gum tensile strength make it inferior to natural rubber. Other disadvantages include: Low elongation at break Low hot tear strength Hysteresis, resilience . But the addition of resins and reinforcing fillers adequately improve these properties. However, there are properties which makes it superior over natural rubber. These include: Better process ability,
Slightly Better heat aging
Better abrasion resistance and resistance to degradation (under heat) Also, scorch problems are less likely to occur with SBR than with NR. Overall, the most important factors in the commercial viability of SBR making it material of choice over other rubbers are: Wide availability Low cost compared with those of all other synthetic rubbers, Ability to accept high filler levels, Relatively stable price compared with that of NR and Overall properties on a cost/performance basis, Rubber manufacturing technology is not much different from thermostatic and thermoplastic parts production processes. Its only the nature of rubber that, due to its very good elasticity and deformation, has made it different from thermostats and thermoplastics.
HOW TO PRODUCE
There are two types of rubber in the world, natural and synthetic, which do not have a pure material, but depending on what additives we add to make it, these materials have different characteristics. There are different tires for making tires, most of which are used as car tires. On the another other hand making tires that are as sealants, sneakers, etc., whose compositions are different in some cases, tires are needed that have very high elastic properties, such as cash drains or in some cases we want the rubber to not have much elasticity. As mentioned , the properties of tires depend on what materials they are combined with. Natural tires are obtained from tropical forests, but synthetic tires are made using petroleum products.
In spite of that reason for their use is that natural tires are not produced as much as the world consumes and are not responsive. The bulk of consumption is made up of synthetic rubber. The first step in making rubber is how the required rubber (raw material for making rubber) is produced . in spite of Rubber shaping and polymerization: In the first stage, we had the initial preparation of rubber and materials In the second stage, in another hand we will have the forming and in the third stage, we will have the rubber baking stage, which will give the final shape to the rubber. Because rubber itself is not very strong , it must be combined with other materials because of rubber.
But not very resistant to traction and break , not very resistant to ozone (especially for tires). Sunlight damages them and they dry out ,not easy to form and must be added to fillers
One of the most important additives added to latex in the manufacture of rubber is black carbon or industrial soot. For this reason, many rubber parts are black in color. Soot is the main additive material that gives sufficient strength to the rubber and in
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How to add soot ?
sometimes other materials are added that are not as good as soot, but can increase the strength and do not give the tire a black color. Like the soles of shoes and… that add pigment. Silicas and materials that add strength but do not change color. Materials such as porcelain soil, substances that prevent rubber oxidation and antioxidants .These materials reduce fatigue and are resistant to ozone compounds in rubber, which can also be colored materials. Additives that make the material move easier and smoother and make it easier to place and remove material from the mold.
Materials such as plasticizers and lubricating oils. Finally, if foam rubber parts are needed, such as materials that can react and form gases during molding, such as polymers, or sometimes gas is injected to create a spongy state. Like when we need rubber seals. In addition, in many places, rubber parts need other additives depending on the application. Like tires that needed fibers, or conveyor belts that must have woven fibers, or wires. On which rubber is lined. Materials are added that accelerate the process of vulganization. If these materials are not added, the process will take longer
Forming
Rubber making processes: 1. Extrusion 1. Rolling 1. Coating 1. Molding extrusion Roller for making tires: Rolling is a simple method such as rolling. That is, we have a series of rollers and we pass the tires through these rollers. The distance between the rollers becomes smaller and smaller, and as it passes, the thickness of the rubber part decreases until it finally reaches the thickness we want.
Of course, in the case of blowing, we must be aware that after the piece comes out of the last roller, there may be some The dimensions should be larger, which must be returned to the desired shape, or we must reduce the distance of the last roller until the piece of It came out to be final.
Coating
Suppose you pass a sheet of steel and on the other side the rubber material passes through the rollers. Finally, it sticks to the steel piece with a certain thickness. This is a technique that can be used again for polymers and coating of wires, cables and sheets. Naturally, you should have a heat after that, which will also cause the piece to cure or polymerize. Formatting :
Types of molds are: compression molds – transition molds – injection molds
Compression molds
The raw material moves with pressure and is formed inside the mold. There are pleats that can be cut to the final piece by cutting the pleat. In fact, this is the same technique used in shoe soles and in cases where the soles of the shoes are two-tone. In two stages, rubber sheets with different colors are placed inside the mold, and in the next stage, two layers of paint are placed on top of each other and are heated.
Transition templates
In fact, the raw rubber piece is placed in the upper half and closes when the upper half. Through the ducts, the material is pressed into the molds. There was a similar one in polymers.
Injection molds
It is quite similar to what happens in plastic injection or die-casting.